83.080.10 (Thermosetting materials) 标准查询与下载

ASTM D4895-15 从分散体制得的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)树脂标准规范

1.1 This specification2 covers polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) prepared by coagulation of the dispersion. These PTFE resins are homopolymers of tetrafluoroethylene or modified homopolymers containing not more than 18201;% by weight of other fluoromonomers. The materials covered herein do not include mixtures of PTFE with additives such as colors, fillers, or plasticizers; nor do they include reprocessed or reground resin or any fabricated articles because the properties of such materials have been irreversibly changed when they were fibrillated or sintered. 1.2 The values stated in SI units as detailed in IEEE/ASTM SI-10 are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the Specimen Preparation Section, Section 9, and the Test Methods Section, Section 10, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Warning note in 9.1.1 for a specific hazards statement. Note 1: Information in this specification is technically equivalent to related information in ISO8201;12086-1 and ISO8201;12086-2.

Standard Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Resin Produced From Dispersion

ASTM D2222-14 氯乙烯树脂的甲醇萃取的标准试验方法

5.1 The methanol extract test is most commonly employed with paste- or dispersion-type vinyl resins intended for organosol or plastisol applications. The test result is a quantitative measure of the methanol-soluble, nonvolatile, essentially nonpolymeric content of the virgin, unmodified resin. The major ingredient removed is the soap system employed in the polymerization reaction; methanol extract provides a measure of lot-to-lot uniformity of the resin in this respect. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the methanol extract, or nonvolatile methanol-soluble portion, of vinyl chloride resins. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.

Standard Test Method for Methanol Extract of Vinyl Chloride Resins

ASTM D1603-14 烯烃塑料中碳黑含量的标准试验方法

4.1 The information provided by this test method is useful for manufacturing quality control, technical service, and research purposes; and is required by various material specifications and for the calculation of optical absorptivity. 4.2 Test Method D4218 is available for determining the carbon black content of polyethylene compounds if so desired. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the carbon black content in polyethylene, polypropylene, and polybutylene plastics. Its use with acrylic or other polar monomer modifications which might affect the accuracy is not recommended. Determinations of carbon black content are made gravimetrically after pyrolysis of the sample under nitrogen. This test method is not applicable to compositions that contain nonvolatile pigments or fillers other than carbon black. 1.1.1 This test method is not applicable to materials containing brominated flame retardant additives at the end. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are given for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1: This standard and ISO 6964-1986(E) address the same subject matter, but differ in technical content.

Standard Test Method for Carbon Black Content in Olefin Plastics

ASTM D7487-13 聚氨酯原材料的标准实施规程: 聚氨酯泡沫杯试验

5.1 General Utility: 5.1.1 It is useful to verify catalyst levels in a resin blend or a polyurethane system. 5.1.2 This practice is suitable for research, quality control, specification testing, and process control. 5.2 Limitations: 5.2.1 Several of the measured parameters are subjective. Therefore, operator-to-operator variability and lab-to-lab variability can be much higher than that of a single operator. 5.2.2 The variability of this practice is dependent on the consistency of mixing of the reactants. 5.2.3 The estimation of precision in this practice is based on typical formulations for rigid and flexible foams. Formulations with faster reaction times will likely have greater variability, particularly cream time (initiation time). Formulations with slower reaction times will likely have greater variability in the measurement of free rise time. 5.2.4 It is possible that low-level (ppm, ppb) ingredient contamination will not be detectable using this practice. Confirmation of such contamination will potentially require large-scale (~ 20 litres) tests and is out of the scope of this practice. 1.1 This practice covers the determination of cream time (initiation time), top of cup time, free rise time, free rise height, string gel time (pull time), tack free time, settle back, and free rise density of polyurethane foam formulations using a cup foam test. 1.2 Typical definitions, terms, and techniques are described; including procedures for mixing and transferring samples to the foaming container; and data gathering and evaluation. However, agreement between the customer and the testing laboratory for all these items must be obtained prior to use. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.

Standard Practice for Polyurethane Raw Materials: Polyurethane Foam Cup Test

ASTM F2873-13 用在弹性楼板下面的自平衬垫材料的安装和表面制备的标准实施规程

4.1 This practice provides minimum recommendations for the installation of self-leveling underlayments suitable to receive resilient floor coverings. This practice establishes the proper preparation of the subfloor, and installation methods and quality control requirements for self-leveling underlayments. This practice addresses the preparation of the self-leveling underlayment’s surface prior to the installation of floor coverings. 4.2 Actual requirements for self-leveling underlayments are generally included as part of project plans or specifications and may vary from the recommendations set forth in this practice. Provisions in the project documents at variance with this practice shall take precedence. 1.1 This practice covers the installation of self-leveling underlayments, which may include a priming system, over solid wood, wood structural panel subfloors, over concrete, and over certain solidly bonded existing flooring systems such as epoxy floors, ceramic and natural stone tiles, terrazzo, as well as properly prepared non water-soluble adhesive residues as recommended by the underlayment manufacturer. This practice also covers the preparation of the self-leveling underlayment’s surface prior to the installation of resilient flooring. 1.2 This practice points out the factors that are required to be controlled while installing a self-leveling underlayment to be used as a substrate for resilient flooring. 1.3 This practice does not cover the structural adequacy of the subfloor. The structural integrity of assemblies is governed by local building codes and may be superseded by the resilient flooring manufacturer's requirements. 1.4 This practice does not supersede the self-leveling underlayment manufacturer’s, adhesive manufacturer’s or resilient flooring manufacturer’s written instructions. Consult the individual manufacturer for specific recommendations. 1.5 Many self-leveling underlayments are not suitable for use on concrete slabs on grade or below due to potential moisture problems arising from moisture intrusion. This may occur unless an adequate vapor retarder or vapor barrier is present directly beneath the concrete slab or an effective moisture remediation system has been installed beneath the surface of the self-leveling underlayment. Consult the manufacturer of the self-leveling underlayment and flooring system for specific recommendations. 1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.7 This practice does purport to address the necessity for or the safe or correct removal of asbestos containing materials. Breathing of asbestos dust is hazardous. Asbestos and asbestos products present demonstrated health risks for users and for those with whom they come into contact. In addition to other precautions, when working with asbestos-cement products, minimize the dust that results. For information on the safe use of chrysoltile asbestos, refer to “Safe Use of Chrysotile Asbestos: A Manual on Preventive and Control Measures.”

Standard Practice for the Installation of Self-Leveling Underlayment and the Preparation of Surface to Receive Resilient Flooring

ASTM D3642-13 某些碱溶性树脂软化点的标准试验方法

4.1 In general, with materials of this type, softening does not take place at a definite temperature. As the temperature rises, these materials gradually and imperceptibly change from brittle solids to soft, viscous liquids. For this reason, the determination of the softening point must be made by a fixed, arbitrary, and closely defined methods if the results are to be comparable. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the softening point of certain alkali-soluble resins having uniform plastic flow characteristics as the melting point is approached. 1.2 The resin manufacturer should specify whether or not this test method may be used for his product(s). 1.3 This test method is not suitable for styrene-maleic anhydride resins. Note 1—For testing rosin and other resins, see Test Method E28. For testing asphalts, tars, and pitches, see Test Method D2398. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Test Method for Softening Point of Certain Alkali-Soluble Resins

ASTM D3596-13 普通聚氯乙烯树脂中凝胶测定的标准实施规程

5.1 The gel (fisheye) in PVC resins is generally recognized as a hard particle of resin which will not fuse when the plastic mass is subjected to set conditions of hot processing. The number of unfused particles present is related to the conditions used. The presence of an excess of such particles is detrimental to many applications. 1.1 This practice provides a quantitative measure of the gels remaining in a flexible vinyl compound processed from general-purpose poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) resins under a prescribed set of working conditions. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.

Standard Practice for Determination of Gels lpar;Fisheyesrpar; In General-Purpose Polylpar;Vinyl Chloriderpar; lpar;PVCrpar; Resins

ASTM D2222-13 氯乙烯树脂的甲醇萃取标准试验方法

5.1 The methanol extract test is most commonly employed with paste- or dispersion-type vinyl resins intended for organosol or plastisol applications. The test result is a quantitative measure of the methanol-soluble, nonvolatile, essentially nonpolymeric content of the virgin, unmodified resin. The major ingredient removed is the soap system employed in the polymerization reaction; methanol extract provides a measure of lot-to-lot uniformity of the resin in this respect. 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the methanol extract, or nonvolatile methanol-soluble portion, of vinyl chloride resins. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Note 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this test method.

Standard Test Method for Methanol Extract of Vinyl Chloride Resins

ASTM D6289-13 测量模塑热固塑料模塑尺寸收缩的标准试验方法

4.1 Compression Molding—In compression molding, the difference between the dimensions of a mold and of the molded article produced therein from a given material vary according to the design and operation of the mold. It is probable that shrinkage will approach a minimum where design and operation are such that a maximum of material is forced solidly into the mold cavity or some part of it, or where the molded article is hardened to a maximum while still under pressure, particularly by cooling. In contrast, shrinkages are higher where the charge must flow in the mold cavity but does not receive and transmit enough pressure to be forced firmly into all its recesses, or where the molded article is not fully hardened when discharged. The plasticity of the material used affects shrinkage insofar as it affects the retention and compression of the charge. 4.2 Injection Molding—In injection molding, as in compression molding, the differences between the dimensions of the mold and of the molded article produced therein from a given material vary according to the design and operation of the mold. The differences vary with the type and size of molding machine, the thickness of molded sections, the degree and direction of flow or movement of material in the mold, the size of the nozzle, sprue, runner, and gate, the cycle on which the machine is operated, the temperature of the mold, and the length of time that follow-up pressure is maintained. As in the case of compression molding, shrinkages will approach a minimum where design and operation are such that a maximum of material is forced solidly into the mold cavity and where the molded article is hardened to a maximum while still under pressure as a result of the use of a runner, sprue, and nozzle of proper size, along with proper dwell. As in compression molding, shrinkages are higher where the charge must flow in the mold cavity but does not receive and transmit enough pressure to be forced firmly into all of the recesses of the mold. The plasticity of the material used affects shrinkage indirectly, in that the more readily plasticized material will require a lower molding temperature. 4.3 Transfer Molding—In transfer molding, as in compression or injection molding, the difference between the dimensions of the mold and of the molded article produced therein from a given material vary according to the design and operation of the mold. It is affected by the size and temperature of the pot or cylinder and the pressure on it, as well as on mold temperature and molding cycle. Direction of flow is not as important a factor. 4.4 Materials Standards—Always refer to material standards for special treatment prior to molding, molding conditions and special handling of the test specimens after molding. In the event the material standard is unavailable, contact the manufacturer for these recommendations. 4.5 Utility—Measurement of batch-to-batch consistency in initial shrinkage from mold to molded dimensions is useful for evaluating the quality of thermosetting plastics. 1.1 This test method is intended to measure shrinkage from mold cavity to molded dimensions of thermosetting plastics when molded by compression, injection, or transfer under specified conditions. 1.2 This test method provides for the measurement of shrinkage of thermosetting plastics from their molds b......

Standard Test Method for Measuring Shrinkage from Mold Dimensions of Molded Thermosetting Plastics

ASTM D5165-12 用树脂锅实验室制备凝胶载体的标准实施规程

This practice provides a means of preparing gel vehicles in laboratory equipment that most closely resembles production reactors. It can be used to predict the performance of gel vehicle components (resins, gellants, alkyds, etc.) in the user's equipment. An ample amount of gel vehicle can be prepared for use in preparing inks for press testing. FIG. 1 Gel Vehicle Preparation Apparatus1.1 This practice covers a laboratory procedure for the gelation of a resin solution, ink varnish, or vehicle using a resin kettle. 1.2 Guidance in preparing gelled vehicle samples suitable for use in laboratory sample quantity oil-based printing inks is provided. 1.3 The procedure outlined is not intended as a means of rating or evaluating resin or vehicle gelability, and is applicable only if the solutions, varnishes, or vehicles produced are of a rheology that is measurable by conventional ink and varnish industry viscometers or rheometers. 1.4 The values stated in SI units of measurement are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Practice for Laboratory Preparation of Gelled Vehicles Using a Resin Kettle

ASTM D1603-12 烯烃塑料中炭黑含量的标准试验方法

The information provided by this test method is useful for manufacturing quality control, technical service, and research purposes; and is required by various material specifications and for the calculation of optical absorptivity. Test Method D4218 is available for determining the carbon black content of polyethylene compounds if so desired.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the carbon black content in polyethylene, polypropylene, and polybutylene plastics. Its use with acrylic or other polar monomer modifications which might affect the accuracy is not recommended. Determinations of carbon black content are made gravimetrically after pyrolysis of the sample under nitrogen. This test method is not applicable to compositions that contain nonvolatile pigments or fillers other than carbon black. 1.1.1 This test method is not applicable to materials containing brominated flame retardant additives at the end. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are given for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 18212;This standard and ISO 6964-1986(E) address the same subject matter, but differ in technical content.

Standard Test Method for Carbon Black Content in Olefin Plastics

ASTM D7750-12 使用封装样品流变仪根据动态力学程序测定热固性树脂固化行为的标准试验方法

5.1 This method provides a simple means of characterizing the cure behavior of a thermosetting resin specimen that is a representation of a composite part. The diameter of the specimen is approximately 38 mm and the thickness ranges from 2.6 to 3.2 mm. This corresponds to a sample volume of approximately 3 to 4 cm3. The data may be used for quality control, research and development, and verifying the cure within processing equipment including autoclaves. 5.2 Dynamic mechanical testing provides a sensitive method for determining cure characteristics by measuring the elastic and loss moduli as a function of temperature or time, or both. Plots of cure behavior and tan delta of a material provide graphical representation indicative of cure behavior under a specified time-temperature profile. The presence of fibers within the resin may change the dynamic properties measured within a material. However, it is still possible to compare different resins with the same fiber structure and obtain the relative difference due to the resin cure properties. 5.3 This method can be used to assess the following: 5.3.1 Cure behavior, as well as changes as a function of temperature or time, or both, 5.3.2 Processing behavior, as well as changes as a function of temperature or time, or both, 5.3.3 The effects of processing treatments, 5.3.4 Relative resin behavioral properties, including cure behavior, damping and impact resistance, 5.3.5 The effects of reinforcement on cure. 5.3.6 The effects of materials used to bond the resin and reinforcement, 5.3.7 The effect of formulation additives that might affect processability or performance. 5.4 This provides a method to assess the cure properties of a thermosetting resin containing woven fiber or other reinforcing materials. 5.5 This method is valid for a wide range of oscillation frequencies typically from 0.002 to 50 Hz.Note 1—It is recommended that low-frequency test conditions, generally 1 to 2 Hz, be used to generate more definitive cure-behavior information. Slower frequencies will miss important cure properties. Faster frequencies will reduce sensitivity to cure. 1.1 This method covers the use of dynamic mechanical instrumentation for determination and reporting of the thermal advancement of cure behavior of thermosetting resin on an inert filler or fiber in a laboratory. It may also be used for determining the cure properties of filled resins and resins without reinforcements. These encapsulated specimens are deformed in torsional shear using dynamic mechanical methods. 1.2 This method is intended to provide means for determining the cure behavior of thermosetting resins on fibers over a range of tempe......

Standard Test Method for Cure Behavior of Thermosetting Resins by Dynamic Mechanical Procedures using an Encapsulated Specimen Rheometer

ASTM D1652-11 环氧树脂的环氧含量的标准试验方法

The epoxy content of epoxy resins is an important variable in determining their reactivity and the properties of coatings made from them. These test methods may be used to determine the epoxy content of manufactured epoxy resins and confirm the stated epoxy content of purchased epoxy resins.1.1 This test method covers the procedure for manual and automatic titration of epoxy resins for the quantitative determination of the percent epoxide content from 0.1 – 26 % epoxide. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 6.

Standard Test Method for Epoxy Content of Epoxy Resins

ASTM D1726-11 液态环氧树脂中水解氯含量的标准试验方法

The hydrolyzable chloride content of liquid epoxy resins is an important variable in determining their reactivity and the properties of coatings made from them. These test methods may be used to determine the hydrolyzable chloride content of manufactured epoxy resins and confirm the stated hydrolyzable chloride content of purchased epoxy resins.1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the easily hydrolyzable chloride content of liquid epoxy resins which are defined as the reaction product of a chlorohydrin and a di- or polyfunctional phenolic compound. Note 18212;There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard. 1.1.1 In Test Method A, the easily hydrolyzable chloride is saponified with potassium hydroxide and directly titrated with hydrochloric acid. This test method can be used for concentrations of 1 weight % and below. 1.1.2 In Test Method B, the easily hydrolyzable chloride is again saponified with potassium hydroxide, then titrated potentiometrically with silver nitrate. This test method can be used for concentrations of 5 to 2500 ppm hydrolyzable chloride. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see Sections 10 and 16.

Standard Test Methods for Hydrolyzable Chloride Content of Liquid Epoxy Resins

ASTM D1652-11e1 环氧树脂的环氧含量的标准试验方法

The epoxy content of epoxy resins is an important variable in determining their reactivity and the properties of coatings made from them. These test methods may be used to determine the epoxy content of manufactured epoxy resins and confirm the stated epoxy content of purchased epoxy resins.1.1 This test method covers the procedure for manual and automatic titration of epoxy resins for the quantitative determination of the percent epoxide content from 0.1 to 26 % epoxide. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 6.

Standard Test Method for Epoxy Content of Epoxy Resins

ASTM D1603-11 烯烃塑料炭黑含量测定的标准试验方法

The information provided by this test method is useful for manufacturing quality control, technical service, and research purposes; and is required by various material specifications and for the calculation of optical absorptivity. Test Method D4218 is available for determining the carbon black content of polyethylene compounds if so desired.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the carbon black content in polyethylene, polypropylene, and polybutylene plastics. Its use with acrylic or other polar monomer modifications which might affect the accuracy is not recommended. Determinations of carbon black content are made gravimetrically after pyrolysis of the sample under nitrogen. This test method is not applicable to compositions that contain nonvolatile pigments or fillers other than carbon black. 1.1.1 This test method is not applicable to materials containing brominated flame retardant additives at the end. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are given for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 18212;This standard and ISO 6964-1986(E) address the same subject matter, but differ in technical content.

Standard Test Method for Carbon Black Content in Olefin Plastics

ASTM D2584-11 固化增强树脂燃烧损失的标准试验方法

This test method can be used to obtain the ignition loss of a cured reinforced resin sample. This test method can also be used to examine the fiber architecture of pultruded structural shapes. If only glass fabric or filament is used as the reinforcement of an organic resin that is completely decomposed to volatile materials under the conditions of this test and the small amount of volatiles (water, residual solvent) that are potentially present are ignored, the ignition loss can be considered to be the resin content of the sample. This test method does not provide a measure of resin content for samples containing reinforcing materials that lose weight under the conditions of the test or containing resins or fillers that do not decompose to volatile materials released by ignition.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the ignition loss of cured reinforced resins. This ignition loss can be considered to be the resin content within the limitations of 4.2. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.3 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of composite material to heat under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all of the factors required for fire hazard or fire assessments of the composite materials under actual fire conditions. 1.4 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 18212;There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.

Standard Test Method for Ignition Loss of Cured Reinforced Resins

ASTM F2313-10 用带摩尔分数大于或等于70%乙交酯的外科植入物用聚乙烯(乙交酯)和聚乙烯(乙交酯-甘醇酸树脂)的标准规范

1.1 This specification covers both virgin poly(glycolide) homopolymer and poly(glycolide-co-lactide) copolymer resins intended for use in surgical implants. The poly(glycolide-co-lactide) copolymers covered by this specification possess nominal mole fractions greater than or equal to 70 % glycolide (65.3 % in mass fraction). This specification is also applicable to lactide-co-glycolide copolymers that possess glycolide segments sufficient in size to deliver potential for glycolide based crystallization, thereby requiring fluorinated solvents for complete dissolution under room temperature conditions. 1.2 Since poly(glycolide) is commonly abbreviated as PGA for poly(glycolic acid) and poly(lactide) is commonly abbreviated as PLA for poly(lactic acid), these polymers are commonly referred to as PGA, PLA, and PLA:PGA resins for the hydrolytic byproducts to which they respectively degrade. PLA is a term that carries no stereoisomeric specificity and therefore encompasses both the amorphous atactic/syndiotactic dl-lactide-based polymers and copolymers as well as the isotactic d-PLA and l-PLA moieties, each of which carries potential for crystallization. 1.3 This specification is specifically not applicable to amorphous poly(lactide-co-glycolide) or poly(lactide)-based resins able to be fully solvated at 30°C by either methylene chloride (dichloromethane) or chloroform (trichloromethane), which are covered in Specification F2579 and typically possess molar glycolide levels of ~50 % or less. This specification is not applicable to lactide-based polymers or copolymers that possess isotactic polymeric segments sufficient in size to carry potential for lactide-based crystallization, which are covered by Specification F1925 and typically possess nominal mole fractions that equal or exceed 50 % l-lactide. 1.4 This specification addresses material characteristics of both virgin poly(glycolide) and poly(>70 % glycolide-co-lactide) resins intended for use in surgical implants and does not apply to packaged and sterilized finished implants fabricated from these materials. 1.5 As with any material, some characteristics may be altered by processing techniques (such as molding, extrusion, machining, assembly, sterilization, etc.) required for the production of a specific part or device. Therefore, properties of fabricated forms of this resin should be evaluated independently using appropriate test methods to assure safety and efficacy. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

Standard Specification for Poly(glycolide) and Poly(glycolide-co-lactide) Resins for Surgical Implants with Mole Fractions Greater Than or Equal to 70 % Glycolide

ASTM D4661-09 聚氨酯原材料的标准试验方法:异氰酸酯中总氯化物含量的标准试验方法

These test methods can be used for research or for quality control to determine the total chlorine content of aromatic isocyanates. In some instances total chlorine content may correlate with performance in polyurethane systems.1.1 These test methods determine the total chlorine content of aromatic isocyanates used as polyurethane raw materials. The difference between the total chlorine content and the hydrolyzable chlorine content (see Test Method D 4663) is a measure of the amount of o-dichlorobenzene and other ring-substituted chlorinated products that are present. Both procedures are applicable to a variety of organic compounds but the amount of sample used may have to be varied. (See Note 1.) 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 18212;There is no equivalent ISO standard.

Standard Test Methods for Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of Total Chlorine in Isocyanates

ASTM D1755-09 聚氯乙烯树脂标准规范

1.1 This specification covers the establishment of requirements for homopolymers of vinyl chloride in original powder form intended for subsequent mixing and processing in thermoplastic compositions. These resins have a nominal specific gravity of 1.4 and a theoretical chlorine content of 56.8 %. 1.2 Two types of resin have been recognized: general purpose and dispersion. When mixed with the customary amount of plasticizer, general-purpose resins yield a dry or moist powder while dispersion resins yield a liquid slurry. Since many resins are polymerized to meet special requirements, a system of classification has been provided that permits a wide choice of grades. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 18212;This standard and ISO 1264 – 1980 address the same subject matter, but differ in technical content (and results cannot be directly compared between the two test methods.)

Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Resins